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Forced Outing of Transgender Youth in Schools

Since 2020, there has been a growing legislative attack on transgender people, and particularly on transgender youth. This includes a growing number of bills (and now laws) that explicitly require school staff—and in some cases, any government or public employee—to out transgender youth to their families, often without regard for whether doing so might put the child at risk of harm.
United States Map
Washington New York U.S. Virgin Islands Puerto Rico Guam Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands American Samoa New Hampshire Vermont Virginia Pennsylvania New York Maine West Virginia Ohio Kentucky Indiana Michigan Illinois Wisconsin North Carolina South Carolina Tennessee Georgia Florida Mississippi Missouri Arkansas Louisiana Iowa Minnesota Oklahoma Kansas Nebraska South Dakota North Dakota Texas 33 Colorado Wyoming Montana Idaho Arizona Utah Nevada Oregon California Hawaii Alaska Massachusetts Rhode Island Connecticut New Jersey Delaware Maryland Washington D.C. New Hampshire Vermont
  • State law forces the outing of transgender youth in schools (5 states)
  • State law does not force the outing of transgender youth in schools (45 states , 5 territories + D.C.)
  • State law promotes, though does not require, outing of transgender youth in schools (see note) (6 states)
Note: Policies that promote, though do not explicitly require the outing of transgender students vary from state to state. See the "Citations" tab or click "Citations & More Information" beneath the map legend for more detail on each state's policy.


Recommended citation: 
Movement Advancement Project. "Equality Maps: Forced Outing of Transgender Students." 
www.mapresearch.org/equality-maps/youth/forced_outing. Accessed 03/18/2024.


Percent of Adult LGBTQ Population Covered by Laws

*Note: These percentages reflect estimates of the LGBTQ adult population living in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Estimates of the LGBTQ adult population in the five inhabited U.S. territories are not available, and so cannot be reflected here.

7%

7 % of the LGBTQ population lives in states that force the outing of transgender youth in schools

93%

93 % of the LGBTQ population lives in states that do not force the outing of transgender youth in schools

12%

12 % of the LGBTQ population lives in states that promote, though do not require, the outing of transgender youth in schools

Key
  • State does not have this lawState law requires outing of transgender youth in schools
  • ,
  • State does not have this lawState law promotes, but does not require outing of transgender youth in schools
State Forced Outing
Alabama State does not have this law
Alaska
American Samoa
Arizona State does not have this law
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
District of Columbia
Florida State does not have this law
Georgia
Guam
Hawaii
Idaho State does not have this law
Illinois
Indiana State does not have this law
Iowa State does not have this law
Kansas
Kentucky State does not have this law
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana State does not have this law
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina State does not have this law
North Dakota State does not have this law
Northern Mariana Islands
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Puerto Rico
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
U.S. Virgin Islands
Utah State does not have this law
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming


Data current as of 03/14/2024
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Sexual Orientation Policy Tally

The term “sexual orientation” is loosely defined as a person’s pattern of romantic or sexual attraction to people of the opposite sex or gender, the same sex or gender, or more than one sex or gender. Laws that explicitly mention sexual orientation primarily protect or harm lesbian, gay, and bisexual people. That said, transgender people who are lesbian, gay or bisexual can be affected by laws that explicitly mention sexual orientation.

Gender Identity Policy Tally

“Gender identity” is a person’s deeply-felt inner sense of being male, female, or something else or in-between. “Gender expression” refers to a person’s characteristics and behaviors such as appearance, dress, mannerisms and speech patterns that can be described as masculine, feminine, or something else. Gender identity and expression are independent of sexual orientation, and transgender people may identify as heterosexual, lesbian, gay or bisexual. Laws that explicitly mention “gender identity” or “gender identity and expression” primarily protect or harm transgender people. These laws also can apply to people who are not transgender, but whose sense of gender or manner of dress does not adhere to gender stereotypes.

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